Valproic Acid

Depakene, Depakote, Depakote ER

Antiepileptic • Multiple mechanisms

Premium

NTIBleedingCNS DepressantHepatotoxic

Half-life

9-16 hours

Protein Binding

80-90%

Metabolized By

CYP2C9, CYP2C19, UGT

External

Drugs.com

Boxed warning

Hepatotoxicity (especially in children under 2)
Teratogenicity (neural tube defects)
Pancreatitis

Clinical alerts

Boxed warning

3 boxed warnings

Narrow therapeutic index

Small dose changes can cause toxicity or loss of effect

Bleeding risk

Additive with other antithrombotics and NSAIDs

Hepatotoxic

Monitor liver function

CNS depressant

Additive sedation with other CNS depressants and alcohol

Mechanism of action

Increases GABA levels, blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibits histone deacetylase

Recorded indications

From the drug index — may include conditions studied rather than approved indications

·Mania
·Bipolar Disorder
·Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement (ADWR)
·Bipolar Disorder Type I With Mania
·Ciliary Body and Choroid Melanoma, Medium/Large Size

Monitoring

Therapeutic range: 50–100 mg/L

Interactions

No curated interaction pairs are recorded for Valproic Acid. This is not a statement that none exist — check a full interaction reference before combining.

Common adverse effects

Nausea
Tremor
Weight gain
Hair loss
Thrombocytopenia

Food, alcohol & herbal

Food

Take with food to reduce GI upset

Alcohol · major

Additive CNS depression and hepatotoxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Published parameters · PMID:8590146

Half-life: 9-16 hours
Protein binding: 80-90%
Metabolised by: CYP2C9, CYP2C19, UGT
Inhibits: CYP2C9, UGT
Clearance: 0.5 L/h; adult epilepsy patients
Volume of distribution: 10 L
Bioavailability: 100%
Renally eliminated: 2%
Model: 1-compartment

Pregnancy & lactation

Pregnancy category: X
Lactation: caution

Sources

Assembled from: drug index, curated drug database, published PK literature.

Not a substitute for clinical judgement

Valproic Acid

Depakene, Depakote, Depakote ER

Antiepileptic • Multiple mechanisms

Premium

NTIBleedingCNS DepressantHepatotoxic

Half-life

9-16 hours

Protein Binding

80-90%

Metabolized By

CYP2C9, CYP2C19, UGT

External

Drugs.com

Boxed warning

Hepatotoxicity (especially in children under 2)
Teratogenicity (neural tube defects)
Pancreatitis

Clinical alerts

Boxed warning

3 boxed warnings

Narrow therapeutic index

Small dose changes can cause toxicity or loss of effect

Bleeding risk

Additive with other antithrombotics and NSAIDs

Hepatotoxic

Monitor liver function

CNS depressant

Additive sedation with other CNS depressants and alcohol

Mechanism of action

Increases GABA levels, blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibits histone deacetylase

Recorded indications

From the drug index — may include conditions studied rather than approved indications

·Mania
·Bipolar Disorder
·Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement (ADWR)
·Bipolar Disorder Type I With Mania
·Ciliary Body and Choroid Melanoma, Medium/Large Size

Monitoring

Therapeutic range: 50–100 mg/L

Interactions

No curated interaction pairs are recorded for Valproic Acid. This is not a statement that none exist — check a full interaction reference before combining.

Common adverse effects

Nausea
Tremor
Weight gain
Hair loss
Thrombocytopenia

Food, alcohol & herbal

Food

Take with food to reduce GI upset

Alcohol · major

Additive CNS depression and hepatotoxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Published parameters · PMID:8590146

Half-life: 9-16 hours
Protein binding: 80-90%
Metabolised by: CYP2C9, CYP2C19, UGT
Inhibits: CYP2C9, UGT
Clearance: 0.5 L/h; adult epilepsy patients
Volume of distribution: 10 L
Bioavailability: 100%
Renally eliminated: 2%
Model: 1-compartment

Pregnancy & lactation

Pregnancy category: X
Lactation: caution

Sources

Assembled from: drug index, curated drug database, published PK literature.

Not a substitute for clinical judgement

Valproic Acid Drug Profile | PharmaGraphX